Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a prevalent health condition characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver. This buildup is not caused by alcohol consumption but is strongly associated with metabolic factors, particularly being overweight. The National Health Service (NHS) highlights that adopting healthier lifestyle habits, such as improved diet and increased physical activity, can often help reverse or manage this condition effectively.

Many people with NAFLD may not notice any symptoms initially, making the disease difficult to detect early. When symptoms do occur, they may include feelings of tiredness, general malaise, and discomfort or pain in the upper right side of the abdomen, just below the ribs. Because symptoms are often subtle or absent, regular medical check-ups are important, especially for individuals at higher risk.

Several factors increase the likelihood of developing NAFLD. These include carrying excess abdominal fat, having type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), high blood pressure, or high cholesterol levels. A sedentary lifestyle and age over 50 also contribute to higher risk. Managing these risk factors through lifestyle changes like weight loss, balanced nutrition, and regular exercise can significantly reduce the chance of progression and improve liver health. Early detection and intervention are key to preventing more serious liver problems associated with NAFLD.